The primary use of geothermal energy is to generate electricity and provide heating. This renewable energy source utilizes the heat stored within the Earth's crust, which can be harnessed from hot water and steam reservoirs. Geothermal power plants convert this thermal energy into electric power, significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels. Additionally, geothermal energy can be used for direct heating applications, such as in geothermal heat pumps for residential or agricultural uses, contributing to a more sustainable energy future.