The primary role of vegetation in an ecosystem is to produce oxygen and provide food through the process of photosynthesis. Plants convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen, forming the basis of the food web. Additionally, vegetation helps maintain soil structure, prevent erosion, and regulate water cycles. By supporting diverse habitats, vegetation also promotes biodiversity by providing homes for various species. Ultimately, the presence of vegetation is crucial for ecosystem health and sustainability, contributing to overall environmental balance.