The primary role of the ozone layer in protecting Earth is to absorb harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. This layer, composed of ozone (O3) molecules, is situated in the stratosphere and is essential for maintaining life on our planet. By filtering out most of the sun's UV radiation, the ozone layer helps prevent skin cancer, cataracts, and other health issues in humans, as well as protecting ecosystems from damaging effects. Understanding the importance of the ozone layer is vital in conservation efforts, highlighting the need for regulations to limit substances that deplete it.