The primary role of carotenoids in plants is to assist in photosynthesis. These pigments, which appear yellow, orange, and red, are found in the chloroplasts and play a critical role in capturing light energy that drives the photosynthetic process. Besides their function in photosynthesis, carotenoids also provide photoprotection against harmful UV radiation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, they are precursors to vitamin A in animals and contribute to the color and attractiveness of fruits and flowers, aiding in pollination and seed dispersal.