The primary role of biodiversity in ecosystem sustainability is to enhance resilience and stability within ecological systems. High biodiversity contributes to functional redundancy, where multiple species can perform similar ecological roles, ensuring that ecosystems can maintain their processes even when some species decline. Biodiversity also promotes productivity, nutrient cycling, and adaptation to environmental changes. Diverse ecosystems are better equipped to withstand disturbances like climate change or habitat loss. Therefore, conserving biodiversity is fundamental for the sustainability of both natural ecosystems and human societies.