The primary purpose of vaccines in public health is to stimulate the immune system to recognize and combat specific pathogens effectively. By introducing antigens derived from these pathogens, vaccines prepare the immune system for future infections without causing disease. This preventive approach reduces the incidence of infectious diseases, thereby lowering morbidity and mortality rates. Furthermore, widespread vaccination contributes to herd immunity, protecting vulnerable populations unable to receive vaccines. As a cornerstone of modern medicine, vaccines play a significant role in public health by preventing outbreaks and enhancing overall community well-being.