The primary mechanism by which species become extinct is often anthropogenic factors, particularly those related to habitat destruction. Activities like deforestation, urbanization, and agriculture lead to the fragmentation and loss of habitats, making it difficult for species to thrive. Additionally, climate change, pollution, overexploitation, and introduced invasive species further contribute to extinction risk. When species cannot adapt to these rapid changes or relocate to suitable environments, their populations decline and may collapse, leading to extinction. Conservation efforts aim to mitigate these threats and protect vulnerable species.