The primary impact of habitat fragmentation on wildlife is the disruption of ecosystems, which can lead to population declines and increased extinction risk. Fragmentation divides large, continuous habitats into smaller, isolated patches, hindering species movement and gene flow. This isolation can result in inbreeding, reduced genetic diversity, and increased vulnerability to environmental pressures. Additionally, fragmented habitats suffer from edge effects that can alter microclimates and increase exposure to predators and human disturbances. Conservation efforts, such as creating wildlife corridors, are essential to mitigate these adverse effects and support wildlife populations.