The primary function of the small intestine in digestion is to absorb nutrients and minerals from food. It continues the digestive process started in the stomach, where food is broken down into a semi-liquid form known as chyme. The inner walls are lined with villi and microvilli, which increase the surface area for absorption. Digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver further aid in this process. Ultimately, the small intestine ensures that nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are efficiently absorbed into the bloodstream.