The primary function of the pituitary gland is to regulate various endocrine functions by releasing hormones that control other endocrine glands. Often referred to as the "master gland," it plays a significant role in regulating growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress responses. Located at the base of the brain, the pituitary gland secretes hormones, such as growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), that influence other endocrine glands like the thyroid and adrenal glands, thereby coordinating many critical physiological processes in the body.