The primary function of the cytoskeleton in cells is to provide structural support and maintain cell shape. It consists of various protein filaments, including microtubules, intermediate filaments, and actin filaments, which work together to facilitate cell movement, intracellular transport, and the organization of organelles. Additionally, the cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in cell division by assisting in the segregation of chromosomes. Overall, it is integral to the overall cellular function and organization.