The primary function of the auditory system is to convert sound waves into neural signals, allowing for the perception of sound. It involves complex processes, including sound wave transmission through the outer ear, vibration of the middle ear bones, and stimulation of hair cells in the inner ear. These hair cells send electrical impulses to the brain via the auditory nerve, enabling us to identify pitch, volume, and direction of sounds. This system is crucial for communication, navigation, and responding to environmental cues.