The primary function of mitochondria in metabolism is to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell. They conduct cellular respiration, a process that converts nutrients, primarily glucose, into ATP through a series of biochemical reactions, including the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria also play roles in regulating cellular metabolism, apoptosis (programmed cell death), and calcium storage. Their efficient ATP production is vital for powering cellular activities and maintaining overall cellular function, highlighting their importance in energy metabolism.