The primary function of glial cells in the nervous system is to support and protect neurons. Glial cells perform various roles, including providing structural support, maintaining homeostasis, and assisting with signal transmission. They are essential for the overall health of the nervous system, contributing to processes such as nutrient supply, waste removal, and myelin sheath formation for efficient nerve signal conduction. Unlike neurons, glial cells do not conduct electrical impulses but play a crucial role in maintaining a conducive environment for neuronal activity.