The primary focus of urban ecology is to study the interactions between human populations and urban environments. This field examines how urbanization affects natural systems, ecosystems, and biodiversity, emphasizing sustainable development practices. Urban ecology seeks to understand the ecological impacts of land use, infrastructure, and resource consumption in cities. By analyzing these dynamics, urban ecologists aim to promote sustainable urban design that enhances ecological health while addressing urban challenges such as pollution, habitat loss, and climate change. Thus, urban ecology integrates ecological principles into urban planning and policy.