The primary focus of comparative anatomy is to analyze the structural features of different organisms to understand evolutionary relationships and anatomical adaptations. By comparing similarities and differences in body structures, such as bones, muscles, and organs, scientists can infer how species have evolved over time. This field helps identify homologous structures, which indicate common ancestry, and analogous structures, which demonstrate adaptations to similar environments. Comparative anatomy enriches our understanding of the evolutionary process and the functional significance of anatomical features across species.