The primary driver of soil nutrient depletion in agriculture is the overuse of chemical fertilizers and monoculture practices. These approaches can lead to increased nutrient runoff and soil degradation, diminishing the natural fertility of the land. Continuous cropping without adequate crop rotation or cover cropping depletes essential nutrients, further harming soil structure and biodiversity. Sustainable agricultural practices, such as organic farming and agroecology, are essential to replenish soil nutrients and promote long-term agricultural productivity and ecosystem health.