The primary concern related to mercury pollution is its toxic effects on both human health and wildlife. Mercury can bioaccumulate in food chains, leading to high concentrations in top predators, including fish and birds. This accumulation poses serious health risks to communities that rely on fish for subsistence, particularly in vulnerable populations. Additionally, mercury negatively affects wildlife reproduction and cognitive functions, which can result in population declines. Efforts to reduce mercury emissions are vital for protecting both environmental health and public well-being.