The primary component of the cell wall in bacteria is peptidoglycan. This polymer consists of sugars and amino acids, providing structural support and protection to the bacterial cell. The composition of the cell wall can vary between different bacterial species, leading to the classification into Gram-positive and Gram-negative groups based on staining characteristics. The rigidity of the peptidoglycan layer is crucial for maintaining the cell's shape and integrity, especially in a hypotonic environment. Targeting this component is a strategy used by antibiotics to inhibit bacterial growth.