The primary characteristic of a sustainable ecosystem is its ability to maintain biodiversity and ecological processes while providing resources for future generations. Such ecosystems efficiently cycle nutrients, recycle organic matter, and support a diverse array of organisms that contribute to ecological balance. Sustainability also entails resilience to environmental changes, ensuring that ecosystems can withstand disturbances and recover over time. By preserving natural habitats, promoting biodiversity, and implementing responsible resource management practices, sustainable ecosystems can contribute to overall environmental health and human well-being.