The main function of the pancreas in the human body is to regulate blood sugar levels and aid in digestion. It accomplishes this through the production of insulin and glucagon, hormones that help control glucose metabolism. Additionally, the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine to assist in breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. This dual functionality makes the pancreas a critical component of both the endocrine and digestive systems, having significant implications for health and diseases like diabetes.