The main difference between quantitative and qualitative research lies in their approaches to data collection and analysis. Quantitative research focuses on collecting numerical data that can be statistically analyzed, allowing for broader generalizations and objective results. In contrast, qualitative research emphasizes understanding human experiences and perspectives through non-numerical data, such as interviews or open-ended surveys, which provide in-depth insights into complex phenomena. Each method has its strengths and is chosen based on the research question and goals.