Understanding soil ecology is crucial for sustainable farming practices as it influences soil health, fertility, and productivity. Healthy soil ecosystems support essential processes, such as nutrient cycling, water retention, and disease suppression. Knowledge of soil ecology enables farmers to implement practices that enhance soil structure and biodiversity while minimizing chemical inputs. This understanding promotes practices like crop rotation, cover cropping, and reduced tillage, which improve soil resilience and mitigate environmental degradation. Ultimately, healthy soils are the foundation for sustainable agriculture and food security.