Genetic diversity within populations is critical for adaptation and survival. It enhances a population's ability to withstand environmental changes, allowing species to evolve in response to challenges such as pathogens, climate shifts, and habitat changes. High genetic variability increases the likelihood of individuals possessing traits that can cope with stressors, thereby fostering resilience. Moreover, diverse genetic pools contribute to ecosystem stability and productivity. Conversely, a lack of genetic diversity can lead to increased vulnerability and a higher risk of extinction.