Decomposers play a vital role in an ecosystem by breaking down dead organic matter and recycling nutrients back into the environment. These organisms, which include bacteria, fungi, and some insects, facilitate the decomposition process, converting complex organic compounds into simpler substances. This nutrient cycling is essential for maintaining soil health and fertility, enabling plants to absorb the necessary minerals and nutrients for growth. Additionally, decomposers help in energy flow within ecosystems by ensuring that energy stored in organic matter is returned to the food web, supporting various forms of life.