Environmental pollutants significantly impact aquatic life, causing detrimental effects on health, reproduction, and species survival. Contaminants like heavy metals, nutrient runoff, and microplastics disrupt aquatic ecosystems, leading to declines in fish populations and alterations in food webs. Pollutants can also lead to bioaccumulation, affecting species at higher trophic levels, including humans. Thus, understanding and mitigating these impacts is vital for maintaining healthy aquatic ecosystems.