The impact of acid rain on ecosystems is significant as it leads to acidification of soil and water bodies. This process can harm aquatic life, reduce biodiversity, and damage forests by leaching essential nutrients from the soil. Acid rain can result from emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that mix with atmospheric moisture. Sensitive species may struggle to survive, and the altered pH levels can affect growth rates and reproductive systems in various organisms. Long-term exposure could lead to shifts in ecosystem dynamics and declines in populations.