The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA translates into the sequence of amino acids in proteins. It consists of 64 codons, each representing a specific amino acid or a stop signal for protein synthesis. This code is universal among nearly all organisms, highlighting the commonality of life. Understanding the genetic code is fundamental for fields like genetics, biotechnology, and molecular biology, driving advancements in gene therapy, synthetic biology, and the study of evolutionary relationships.