The effect of heavy rainfall on sediment transport in rivers is significant, as it typically increases erosion and accelerates the movement of sediments downstream. High rainfall can lead to higher streamflow and turbulence, enabling particles to be lifted and carried away from banks and riverbeds. This process can reshape river ecosystems, affecting habitats for aquatic life, as well as altering nutrient cycles. While some sediment transport is natural, excessive amounts can lead to sedimentation problems downstream, impacting water quality and infrastructure.