The effect of acid rain on the environment is known as acidification. Acid rain occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere and subsequently fall to the ground in precipitation. This phenomenon can lead to detrimental effects on ecosystems, including soil degradation, water quality issues, and harm to aquatic life due to lowered pH levels. Furthermore, acid rain can damage vegetation and even accelerate the deterioration of buildings and monuments, especially those made of limestone and marble.