The ecological impact of oil spills on marine ecosystems is severe and often long-lasting. After an oil spill, many marine organisms suffer from immediate mortality due to toxicity, while others may experience detrimental effects on reproduction and growth. Oil can smother marine life such as fish, birds, and coral reefs, disrupting the entire food web. Furthermore, the cleanup process can damage sensitive habitats. Oil spills not only affect biodiversity but also have economic consequences for local communities relying on fishing and tourism, emphasizing the need for preventive measures and effective response strategies.