The driving force behind the motion of tectonic plates is mantle convection, a process driven by heat from the Earth’s core. As hot mantle material rises, it cools and sinks, creating convective currents that drive the movement of tectonic plates on the Earth’s surface. This movement causes various geological phenomena, including earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains. Understanding tectonic plate motion is essential for assessing geological hazards and understanding Earth’s geological history.