Ecology is defined as the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment. It encompasses various scales, from individual organisms to entire ecosystems, helping to explain the patterns and processes that govern ecological systems. Ecologists investigate relationships within biological communities, such as predator-prey dynamics, competition, and symbiosis, as well as the impact of abiotic factors like climate and geology. Understanding these interactions is vital for addressing environmental issues like biodiversity loss, pollution, and climate change.