Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the interactions between organisms and their environment, including both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components. It explores how these interactions shape ecosystems, influence species distribution, and determine the flow of energy and matter in natural systems. By examining relationships within ecosystems, ecologists can assess biodiversity, understand environmental changes, and develop conservation strategies. Overall, ecology provides crucial insights into the health and sustainability of our planet's ecological systems.