A model organism in genetics is a species that is extensively studied to understand various biological processes and genetics due to its simplicity, ease of manipulation, or well-documented genome. Common examples include Escherichia coli (bacteria), Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), and Mus musculus (mouse). These organisms provide essential insights into genetic functions, developmental biology, and disease mechanisms, facilitating research that can be applied to more complex organisms, including humans. Their use accelerates advancements in genetics, genomics, and biotechnology.