Temperature significantly affects enzyme activity, as enzymes have optimal temperature ranges in which they function most efficiently. As temperature increases, enzyme activity typically rises due to higher kinetic energy, resulting in more frequent collisions between enzymes and substrates. However, if the temperature exceeds a specific threshold, enzymes may denature, losing their structure and function. Conversely, at low temperatures, enzyme activity decreases because molecular movements slow down, leading to reduced interactions between enzymes and substrates.