The scope of a scientific investigation is defined by its objectives, hypotheses, and methodology. This includes specifying what questions are being asked, what variables are being measured, and the context in which the study is performed. Additionally, the scope outlines the limits of the investigation, detailing factors like time frame, geographic area, and subject matter. By clearly delineating these parameters, scientists can focus their inquiry effectively and ensure that their findings are relevant and applicable to real-world situations.