The concept that explains the variety of life on Earth is biological diversity, or biodiversity. It encompasses the variation in species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity. This variety results from evolutionary processes, environmental factors, and ecological interactions. Biodiversity is crucial for ecosystem stability and resilience, providing essential services such as food production, climate regulation, and habitat provision. The study of biodiversity helps understand the interconnectedness of all living organisms and their environments, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts to protect this vital resource.