The three states of matter commonly found in nature are solids, liquids, and gases. Each state is distinguished by its molecular arrangement and energy levels. In solids, particles are closely packed and vibrate in place, while in liquids, particles are more loosely arranged and can flow. Gases have particles that are far apart and move freely, resulting in no fixed shape or volume. Understanding these states is essential in various scientific fields, including physics, chemistry, and material science.