The primary functions of the renal system, also known as the urinary system, include the regulation of blood volume, blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and the removal of waste products. Comprising the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, the renal system filters blood to produce urine, which contains excess substances and toxins. The kidneys play a central role in homeostasis, adjusting water and solute excretion based on the body's needs. Additionally, they help regulate blood pH and produce hormones such as erythropoietin and renin. Proper functioning of the renal system is crucial for overall health.