The primary ecological factors influencing plant growth include light, water, nutrients, and temperature. Adequate sunlight is essential for photosynthesis, while water availability significantly affects plant hydration and nutrient uptake. Nutrient availability, especially key minerals like nitrogen and phosphorus, is critical for metabolic processes and overall plant health. Temperature influences growth rates and development cycles. Understanding these factors helps in agriculture, forestry, and conservation efforts, leading to better management practices that support plant resilience and productivity.