The major components of the biosphere include the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and all living organisms. The atmosphere encompasses the layers of gases surrounding the Earth, essential for climate and weather processes. The hydrosphere includes all water bodies, supporting aquatic life and influencing terrestrial climates. The lithosphere refers to the Earth’s solid crust and upper mantle, providing nutrients and habitats for terrestrial organisms. Finally, living organisms interact within these components, forming ecosystems and contributing to biodiversity. Together, these elements create a complex and dynamic biosphere supporting all life forms on Earth.