Greenhouse gases are compounds like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide that trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, thereby influencing the planet’s temperature. They play a natural role in maintaining a stable climate by allowing sunlight to enter while preventing some of the heat from escaping back into space—a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect. However, human activities have increased the concentration of these gases, intensifying the natural effect and leading to global warming. This has major implications for climate patterns, weather extremes, and overall ecosystem health.