The main contributors to the Federalist Papers were Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. These essays, written in the late 18th century, aimed to promote the ratification of the U.S. Constitution by addressing concerns and misconceptions about the new government structure. Each author brought their unique insights and perspectives, with Hamilton advocating for a strong central government, Madison emphasizing the need for checks and balances, and Jay focusing on foreign policy. Their collaborative effort profoundly influenced American political thought, establishing foundational principles that continue to resonate in contemporary discussions about government and federalism.