The significant figure behind the Great Society programs was President Lyndon B. Johnson, who initiated a series of reforms aimed at eradicating poverty and enhancing civil rights. His administration implemented comprehensive initiatives, including Medicare, Medicaid, and various education and environmental programs. The Great Society aimed to address social issues through government intervention and foster equality, reflecting Johnson’s vision of a more just and prosperous America. These reforms transformed American social policy and continue to influence contemporary discussions on welfare and civil rights.