The chief architect behind the New Deal policies in the 1930s was Franklin D. Roosevelt. Faced with the Great Depression, Roosevelt implemented a series of reforms aimed at stimulating economic recovery, providing relief to the unemployed, and reforming the financial system. The New Deal encompassed various programs and agencies designed to create jobs, regulate financial institutions, and support agricultural sectors. Roosevelt’s leadership and willingness to experiment with government intervention marked a significant shift in American political and economic policy, laying the groundwork for future social safety nets.