The theory of judicial restraint is associated with Justice Antonin Scalia, who advocated for a strict interpretation of the Constitution and a limited role for the judiciary in shaping public policy. Proponents of judicial restraint argue that courts should defer to the legislative branch, allowing elected officials to make policy decisions while ensuring that law is interpreted based on original intent and historical context. This approach aims to maintain the balance of power among branches of government and prevent the judiciary from overstepping its bounds, thereby protecting democratic ideals and the rule of law.