The theory of social contract in political philosophy is credited to Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, each offering unique perspectives. Hobbes viewed the social contract as a means to escape the chaos of the natural state, advocating for a strong sovereign authority. Locke, conversely, emphasized individual rights and the idea that governments derive legitimacy from the consent of the governed. Rousseau introduced the concept of the general will, focusing on collective agreement and community involvement. Together, these thinkers laid foundational ideas about the relationship between individuals and the state.