The primary participants in an election campaign include candidates, their respective political parties, campaign staff, and volunteers. Candidates are the individuals vying for public office, representing specific platforms and ideologies. Political parties provide organizational support and resources. Campaign staff consists of professionals managing logistics, communications, and strategy to maximize voter outreach and engagement. Volunteers play an essential role in grassroots efforts, helping with canvassing, phone banks, and event organization, ultimately contributing to the campaign's overall success.