The political theory that emphasizes the role of the individual over the state is known as libertarianism. This ideology advocates for maximized individual freedom, minimal government intervention, and the protection of personal property rights. Libertarians argue that individuals should have the autonomy to make choices regarding their lives and property, as long as they do not infringe on others' rights. This perspective challenges the legitimacy of extensive government power, advocating for a limited state focused on protecting rights rather than regulating personal behavior. Libertarianism contributes to the broader academic and policy discussions surrounding freedoms and governance.